Electrical steel, also known as silicon steel, is a specialized material widely used in motors, generators, transformers, and various electrical devices due to its soft magnetic properties. It typically contains silicon in varying amounts, categorized into low-silicon grades (less than 0.5% silicon) and high-silicon grades (0.5% to 6.5% silicon), enhancing its magnetic properties.

Depending on the grain orientation, electrical steel is classified into two main types: grain-oriented electrical steel (GOES) and non-grain-oriented electrical steel (NGOES).

• Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel (GOES)
  This type of steel has superior magnetic performance in a specific direction. It offers high magnetic induction and low core loss, making it ideal for cores in transformers, amplifiers, stabilizers, relays, and electromagnetic switches.
• Non-Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel (NGOES)
  NGOES has uniform magnetic properties in all directions, offering excellent magnetic induction and reduced energy loss. It is widely used for components that generate or operate within rotating magnetic fields, such as generators, electric motors, and household appliances like washing machines, fans, and refrigerator compressors.

Electrical steel is engineered for optimal magnetic and mechanical performance. Some main characteristics include:

• Magnetic Properties
  Low core loss, high magnetic induction, and minimal magnetic aging ensure efficiency in energy conversion and reduced heat generation.
• Processing Capabilities
  The material supports high-precision punching and cutting, ensuring excellent surface finish and dimensional accuracy for complex designs.

This combination of properties makes electrical steel indispensable for modern energy-efficient and high-performance electrical devices.